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摘要:固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)是一种清洁高效且具有广泛应用前景的绿色发电装置. SOFC采用了陶瓷材料电极和电解质并在高温下工作, 力学损伤是造成其性能和寿命衰减的主要因素之一. 由于实验测试的局限性, 基于宏观力学模型的数值模拟是优化SOFC电池和电堆结构、提高其性能和耐久性的重要手段. 本文综述并评价了SOFC宏观力学效应的研究进展, 介绍了SOFC在制造、正常运行和长期工作的不同阶段受到的残余应变、阳极氧化应变、化学膨胀、工作热应变以及蠕变等力学效应. 总结了各种力学效应以及目前关注较少的电化力耦合效应的理论和数值模拟研究现状, 最后展望了SOFC宏观力学性能研究的发展前景.Abstract:Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a clean and high-efficiency electric power generation device with promising application prospects. The SOFC uses the ceramic material as electrodes and electrolytes. Due to its high working temperature, mechanical failure is one of the most significant factors leading to the decrease of SOFC performance and lifetime. In-situ experimental measurements are quite limited in SOFCs. Therefore, a numerical simulation based on macro-scale mechanical models is generally employed for structure optimization of a single cell and stack. Progress in macro-scale mechanical effects of SOFCs is reviewed in this study. The principles and mathematical models of mechanical effects include residual strain, oxidation strain, chemical expansion, thermal ain, and creep strain in different SOFC manufacturing and operating stages are introduced. The latest development in the theoretical study and numerical simulation on different mechanical effects, as well as the electro-chemo-mechanical coupling effects, are summarized. In the last, the prospects of macro-scale mechanical effects investigation of SOFCs are discussed.
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