Abstract:Advances in geophysical mechanics, especially through laboratory experiments are systematically introduced for atmosphere, ocean and newly emerging geology systems in the present article. A wide range of interesting phenomena such as plume, turbulent entrainment, density flows, oceanic circulation, mixing layer, double diffusion, salt fingering, magma chamber, mantle convection, hot spots are addressed in detail. Not only they are of significance for understanding the mechanism of buoyancy-driven convection...