NEW PERSPECTIVES ON CRACK AND FAULT DYNAMICS
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摘要:阐述裂纹和断层动力学方面的最新观察,以及在连续介质弹性动力学框架下的相关理论和模拟。所讨论的命题包括:拉伸裂纹前缘的构型失稳(裂纹前缘波、紊乱、侧向分叉);摩擦滑错准则和地壳断层中破断模式的关系,尤其是形成自愈合滑错脉冲的条件;以及由于滑错和交替正应力耦合而导致的沿异相材料界面的丰富多采的断层和裂纹现象。Abstract:Recent observations on the dynamics of crack andfault rupture are described, together with related theoryand simulations in the framework of continuum elastodynamics.Topics include configurational instabilities of tensile crackfronts (crack front waves, disordering, side-branching), theconnection between frictional slip laws and modes of rupturepropagation in earth faulting, especially conditions forformation of self-healing slip pulses, and the rich faultingand cracking phenomena that result along dissimilar materialinterfaces due to coupling between slippage and normal stressalteration.
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Key words:
- crack/
- fault/
- elastodynamics/
- crack front wave/
- limiting rapture speed
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