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摘要:空间充气展开结构是一种以薄膜材料为主构建而成的新型结构, 可用于构建大型的天线、太阳能集中器、太阳帆等空间结构, 为空间结构的大型化提供了一条有效的解决途径.其动态特性是充气展开结构设计过程中必须考虑的问题, 动态分析测试技术一直是充气展开结构研究过程中的关键问题, 由于充气展开结构在材料、结构形式及工作环境等方面的特殊性, 使得其动态分析和测试技术出现了很多新的问题.目前充气展开结构动态分析的研究方法主要集中在两个方面:实验研究和数值模拟.实验研究主要是针对充气薄膜结构的特点, 由接触式的测试手段向非接触式的测试手段发展, 但实验研究在真空和微重力环境的模拟上面临着很大的问题.数值模拟研究可以有效的模拟结构在真空和微重力环境下的动态行为, 并可分析重力、空气和褶皱等因素对结构振动特性的耦合影响.本文综述了空间充气展开结构动态分析的实验研究和数值研究的发展和现状, 并讨论了其中存在的问题, 在此基础上指出了该项研究的发展趋势.Abstract:The space inflatable structure mainly made of membranematerials is a new type of structure. It can be used as large antenna, solarconcentrator, solar sail and other space structures and offers an effectiveapproach for large space structures. Dynamic characteristics areessential problems in design process of inflatable structures, while dynamic analysisand test are always the key problems in the research of inflatablestructures. Because of special features of inflatable structures inmaterials, structural style and working environments, there are many newproblems in dynamic analysis and test. The dynamicanalysis of space inflatable structures at present includes experimental research and numerical simulation.In the experimental research, contact testing mediums are being replacedby contactless methods to obtain the characteristics of the inflatable membrane structures, butit faces serious problems in conditions of vacuum andmicro-gravity. The numerical methods can effectively simulatethe dynamic behaviours of structures in conditions of vacuum and micro-gravityand analyse the coupling effects of gravity, air and winkles on the structural vibration characteristics. This paperreviews the development and the present state of experimental and numericalresearches on vibration analysis of space inflatable structure anddiscusses the existing problems, and gives the trend of development.
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