RESEARCH STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR SMALL PUNCH TESTING TECHNIQUE
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摘要:小冲杆试验(small punchtest,SPT)技术是一种应用于工业设备剩余寿命预测和结构完整性评定的新技术.其特点是只需要在设备的表面刮取少量的材料作为试样,然后用小冲杆试验便可以确定该在役材料的弹性模量、 屈服强度、塑性性能、 抗拉强度、 韧-脆转变温度、 断裂韧度、蠕变性能和黏塑性性能等各种力学性能和损伤程度,从而为结构的剩余寿命预测和完整性评定提供可靠的依据. 此外,该技术的取样和试验都相当简单易行, 试件取样后无须对设备修复.该技术自20世纪80年代初提出以来, 已经有了长足的进展,在美国、欧洲、日本和澳洲的核反应堆和电站设备的评定中得到应用,其相应的规范也在建立之中.该文旨在对国内外在该领域的研究成果作一个综述,并对该技术如何在工程实践中推广应用,以及建立中国标准提出相应的建议.Abstract:The Small PunchTesting technique (SPT) is an innovative technique which haspotentials for residual life and structural integrity assessmentof components in service. The sample for small punch test needsonly a modest amount of material from the component surface. Ithas been used to determine the materials' elastic modulus, yieldstress, ultimate, ductile-brittle transition temperature, fracturetoughness, creep properties, edurance strength et al. Then thetesting results can be used to evaluate the residual life andintegrity of structure in service. The test itself is rathersimple to perform with no repair after sampling. Since early1980's, the technique has been developed and applied to nuclearreactors and electric power plants for safety assessment. Thetechnical standards are issued or being set up in United States,Europe and Japan. The objective of this paper is to provide anoverview of the test technique, and give suggestions how to applythis technique to engineering practice and build up technicalstandard in China.
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